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neodymium magnets generator

neodymium magnets generator

Neodymium Magnets in Wind Turbines & Generators

We already know that wind turbines and generators can power houses with electricity converted from wind energy. For all the applications we already know, wind turbines and generators can power houses with electricity converted from wind energy. The use of neodymium magnets has greatly improved the energy efficiency of wind turbines and generators. But how do they make all this possible? In this article, we will focus on the construction of wind turbines and the use of neodymium magnets in generator systems.


Until recent years, almost all commercial wind turbines had the same type of powertrain characteristics as shown in the diagram.1: Rotor blades mounted on a cast iron hub. The hub is mounted on the drive shaft, which transfers the nacelle through the rotor bearings into the mechanical gearbox. The gearbox is then coupled to a doubly-fed induction generator which generates a magnetic field through two sets of electrically excited windings. In this system, there are no permanent magnets.


neodymium magnets generator

Conventional commercial scale wind turbine.

1 - Blade; 2 - Hub; 3 - Rotor bearing; 4 - Gearbox; 5 - Generator.


Under normal conditions, typical rotor speeds for commercial-scale wind turbines lie between 10 and 20 rpm, but doubly-fed induction generators require higher rpm (at least 750 rpm) to operate properly. Therefore, a gearbox is used to convert the low rotor speed to the high speed required by the generator. However, larger gearboxes can cause more mechanical problems. According to a specific report from 2007, most gearbox failures originate in the bearings. Without regular maintenance and observation, it does not take much to realise how catastrophic a gearbox failure can be to a turbine system. Various design improvements have been made in recent years, but none of them can completely solve the problem without causing other problems. For this reason, for a long time, the


These challenges led to a rethinking of the architecture of wind turbine power systems and in 2005 the first commercial turbine generator solution was introduced. This new design, which innovatively combines a gearbox with a permanent magnet generator, significantly improves the wind power conversion rate and reliability of the system.


The new setup reduces the overall weight of the nacelle and requires a lower generator speed (60-150 rpm) than the doubly-fed induction generator design. In addition, the new design has fewer moving parts and requires less maintenance.


As you can guess, the next step will be to come up with a design that does not require a gearbox at all, which is exactly the design we use today. The last few years have seen the advent of commercial scale and direct drive PMG systems with the hub directly connected to the generator. The benefits we have gained are a significant increase in the reliability of the system and a reduction in maintenance costs. Reduced maintenance downtime also means less non-productive time offline. The elimination of the inevitable mechanical losses associated with gearboxes also increases the efficiency of the power conversion process. The generator itself is also more robust than conventional systems and it offers higher efficiency when wind speeds are not at full rating than earlier designs.


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